Locked Out: Paul Westphal in the Emerald City
Though the tide of opinion has turned somewhat as Paul Westphal's hiring became a reality over the course of the last couple days, it seems to me that there's still a lingering displeasure with the choice floating around this community. The first rumors of Westphal's candidacy inspired little excitement from SactownRoyalty, due in large part to votes of no confidence by ClipperSteve and Kevin Pelton whose basketball opinions TZ (apparently) trusts. Since most of us trust TZ's opinions on the Kings, some mathematical property with a name that I forgot in seventh grade applied and we branded Westphal a "retread" (an ironic accusation, since one of the few qualifications that Petrie called for was head-coaching experience). But the lures of Westphal's conference-winning rookie season as head coach of Phoenix, stellar overall winning percentage in the NBA, and distinguished playing career were too appealing for me to ignore.
In my opinion, his record in Phoenix speaks for itself. Say what you will about the amount of talent that he inherited from the architects of that team; I think we can all name plenty of immensely talented teams that never took the Bulls to six games in the Finals. Westphal's Suns won at least one playoff series in all three of his full seasons, and lost to the eventual NBA Champion each time. Maybe he was just staying out of the way, but he was staying out of the way of Charles Barkley (and winning 59 games per season in the process). That's impressive for a rookie coach. As for his poor record with Pepperdine, I simply don't care. Neither his lack of success at Pepperdine, nor his fantastic achievements at Grand Canyon College mean anything to me. It's not the same job - ask John Calipari.
So that brings us to Seattle, Westphal's most recent stop as an NBA head coach. What happened? In short: he took over a very good team, had some okay seasons, and got fired. But what else happened? Knowing little about those teams, I went to the online archives of the Seattle Times and learned some interesting things that changed my perception of this period of his career. (Spoiler: I give him the benefit of the doubt.) So if you've got the time - and, let's be honest, you do if you've gotten this far - follow me as trace the erratic course of Paul Westphal's tenure in Seattle, as reported by the Seattle Times.
To start things off, here's a fluff piece introducing the origins of Westphal's philosophies from the night before his first game in Seattle. It contains quotes praising him from John Wooden, Red Auerbach, and Kevin Johnson, among others. Most telling is this brief quote by Wooden: "Of all the players that I recruited and lost, he's the one I wanted more than any other." Though the piece is fundamentally superficial, it is clear how much respect Westphal seems to generate from players and coaches alike. It's also clear how high expectations were in Seattle at the time.
This article written before Westphal's hiring describes an interview that took place between Westphal, then-Sonics-GM Wally Walker, and Gary Payton in Oakland (Payton's hometown). Without reading the article it's clear that Payton had an incredible amount of control over franchise operations. If the Cleveland fired Mike Brown tomorrow, would the Cavaliers openly allow LeBron James to conduct a personal interview in his backyard? It's hard to believe. The article goes on to mention that Payton's top choices did not include Westphal and that his friendship with (probable racist and confirmed jackass) Rush Limbaugh was a sticking point. It's clear that Payton had not only a strong bias against Westphal before they had even met, but also the clout within the organization to successfully undermine him. And undermine him, Payton did. But we'll get to that.
Another issue confronting Westphal before he got to do any actual coaching for the Sonics was the labor lockout that began 7/1/98, two weeks after Westphal was hired, and stretched 32 games into the '98-'99 regular season. The lockout not only prevented games from being played, it prohibited any contact between players and franchise representatives. As this article points out, that meant that he couldn't even meet his new players, let alone coach them. And how much gameplanning could he do with only six players under contract? The lockout ended on 1/20/99. Less than three weeks later, the Sonics played their first game of the season, having been forced to sign their rookies, fill out the roster, meet one another, get back into playing condition, and teach what gameplanning was possible in the brief interim after having taken eight months off. Astonishingly, the Sonics were able to rattle off six straight wins before losing their first game of the season to your Sacramento Kings in overtime. They missed the playoffs for the first time in a decade, despite having an identical record to the 8th-seeded Timberwolves.
But all was not right in the Emerald City. Vin Baker - for whom the Sonics had traded Shawn Kemp, one of the keys to the team's emergence in the Western Conference - was severely out of shape after the lockout-lengthened offseason. He was overweight, slow, and lackadaisical, a condition recognized by himself, his teammates, and his coach here. His averages went down from 19/8 to 14/6, his FG% shrunk by 9% and 14%. Baker's lack of productivity and focus (he missed 18 free throws in a row at one point in the season) became one of Seattle's primary setbacks in '98-'99. Despite coming off the worst year of his career to that point, Seattle GM Wally Walker signed Baker to a 7-year $87M contract that summer, thus wedding Westphal's coaching fate to Baker and Payton, who had received his $87M contract before Westphal had arrived and was Baker's best friend on the team.
(Sidenote: Kevin Pelton's analysis of Westphal's failure in Seattle made a certain amount of ado about his starting Billy Owens over Hersey Hawkins and Detlef Schrempf. The truth is that Billy Owens started just 19 of 50 games that season, and 6 of those starts were with Schrempf and Hawkins also starting. On the other hand, Schrempf and Hawkins started 39 and 34 games that season, respectively. They were second and third to Gary Payton in minutes played and also the only players aside from Payton to appear in every game, despite being 36 (Schrempf) and 32 (Hawkins). Statistically they both played almost exactly as well as they had the previous season ('97-'98). Both were gone from the team at the end of the season, both would retire after fewer than more two full seasons, and neither ever scored more than 8ppg in what was left of their careers. If Westphal hastened the end of the Schrempf/Hawkins era, it should be regarded as a good thing, particularly considering that it cleared the way for the emergence of Rashard Lewis. Age, not Paul Westphal, was to blame for the end of their run as core pieces of a contender.)
Despite losing half of their Payton/Baker/Schrempf/Hawkins core, the Sonics went 45-37 and made the playoffs in the '99-'00 season. In fact, they did it with Payton, Baker, their three '99-'00 rookies (Lewis, Jelani McCoy, and Vladimir Stepania), and nine new players. Horace Grant, Brent Barry, Ruben Patterson, and Vernon Maxwell were the top players of this new crowd. Payton had the best year of his career statistically and Vin Baker lost about half of the extra 20 lbs. he had carried in the previous season, and regained about half of the discrepancy in production from the '97-'98 season that it had caused, registering 16.6/7.7 for the season and improving his FT% by about 23%. Unfortunately despite his improved physical conditioning, Baker's performance was erratic, as he was locked in a battle with alcoholism and depression that he had little success controlling. The '99-'00 Sonics lost their opening-round playoff series 3-2 to the Stockton/Malone Jazz after an improved, but inconsistent season with a brand-new team. In the final month of the regular season, Rashard Lewis entered the starting lineup and averaged 14/6 after having averaged just 4/3 in November. His numbers were up across the board, and he had earned the trust of his coach.
The '00-'01 season started poorly. The Sonics acquired Patrick Ewing during the previous offseason, but his production (9.6/7.4) didn't quite match his pricetag ($14M). He was a shell of his former self, and the experiment was doomed from the get-go. Nevertheless, he hobbled through 79 starts that season. Gary Payton quickly became frustrated (as he is wont to do) and began screaming at Westphal on the sideline during an 11/21/00 game in Dallas. Payton received a one-game suspension from the Sonics, but Westphal asked President and GM Wally Walker to lift the ban after a meeting in which Payton showed remorse for his actions, as described here. Six days after Payton's outburst in Dallas two days after being embarrassed by your Sacramento Kings in ARCO, Westphal was fired and Nate "Mr. Sonic" McMillan was promoted to head coach. The team was 6-9 at the time. Officially Westphal was given the boot for the team's lack of discipline, but as excellently summed up here, it was really a case of the team's superstar, Gary Payton, having the ultimate leverage of an $87M guaranteed contract over the dispensable head coach. Westphal himself attributed his firing more to Baker's rocky stretch during his run as head coach. The team finished 44-38. In McMillan's first full season as head coach in Seattle, the Sonics went 45-37 - the exact same record they had achieved in Westphal's first full season. They also lost in the first round of the playoffs.
So how can we characterize the tenure of Paul Westphal in Seattle? Well we certainly can't deny that he took over a winning team. But we also know that it was a very unstable team. Its cornerstone was an arrogant, self-centered point guard with a giant contract to match his giant ego and giant talent. Its strongest pillar was deteriorating from the inside out: emotionally disturbed and alcoholic, Vin Baker's all-star talent was consumed by his bloated body and even-more bloated contract. Nevertheless, Paul Westphal never gave up on his two best players, as noted here and proven by the story of Westphal personally asking for Payton's suspension to be lifted just a day after being publicly verbally abused by his player. The other remnants of Seattle's former glory, Detlef Schrempf and Hersey Hawkins, simply didn't have enough basketball left in them to evolve with the team. Having inherited this house of cards, and with the added obstacle of having virtually no time to prepare the team for his lockout-shortened initial season with the franchise, Westphal was able to guide nine new players, three rookies, a head case, and an even bigger headcase (I'll let you decide which is which) to the playoffs. Somewhere, Westphal found the time to nurture the confidence of the talented, but unpolished Rashard Lewis. Despite his adroit maneuvering around the tremendous obstacles that came with the job, Westphal never had a chance. He had been locked out: by the Players' Union, by Gary Payton's ego, by Vin Baker's demons, and by Seattle's unrealistic expectations.
This franchise may be down on its luck, but if there's one thing we haven't lost it's the capacity to get behind another underdog. Paul Westphal's been locked out by this league a couple of times, let's make him feel at home.
P.S. - As these things generally are, this was written very late at night. Please excuse the utter lack of editing and proofreading.
(This is a FanPost from a member of the Sactown Royalty community. The views expressed come from the member, and not Sactown Royalty staff.)
27 recs |
52 comments
Comments
Excellent read
Thanks for the research and insight.
Of course I was already ok with the PW signing, but this side of the story is nice to ready anyway.
Ball movement ... is like jogging for most people: They do it occasionally, and it makes them happy. Then they go back to not doing it. - Henry Abbott
by Kfan in Korea on Jun 11, 2009 8:22 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
TZ did I miss something?
When did you graduate hogwarts and get your Wizard hat?
by mayfieldcol on Jun 11, 2009 8:29 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
But how'd you do on your N.E.W.T's?
Father of the "Natt this!" movement.
by Aykis16 on Jun 11, 2009 10:08 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
He still has an icy thaw
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 11, 2009 1:06 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
This is excellent.
Great work! I was more in favor of EJ, but I am very happy with Westphal he has a great deal of respect from other players and league personnel.
by mayfieldcol on Jun 11, 2009 8:28 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Furious.D
How in the hell did you get the keys to Pookey’s archives? Thanks for digging up this detail, I was very curious, but was too much like Vinney—too lazy and too bloated to put in the extra work to find out the real deal there. I was enamored with Ettore but am rallying around the dude assuming he hires a real defensive minded assistant.
by SactownheartOChouse on Jun 11, 2009 8:39 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Nice...
As I read it, the era all started coming back to me. thanks.
by ElRonToro on Jun 11, 2009 8:42 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Rec'd
great work furious! I gotta admit after reading your article here I am feeling better about having Westphaul as our new coach. As always, I am still concerned about the “D” though, lets hope we get some of those defensive assistants weve been hearing about
Grant Napier is a Ginger, he can't help it that he's annoying.
by Dastardly D on Jun 11, 2009 8:45 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Great research furious.d, rec'd
As for his poor record with Pepperdine, I simply don’t care. Neither his lack of success at Pepperdine, nor his fantastic achievements at Grand Canyon College mean anything to me. It’s not the same job – ask John Calipari.
This I wholeheartedly agree with. The Pepperdine issue is a red herring – if we’ve learned anything over the last two decades, it’s that the skillset of coaches in the NBA and college are entirely different.
Clearly, there are a lot of NBA people (executives and former players) that came to Westphal’s defense over the last few weeks of the hiring process. I’d be more inclined to listen to them than a d-bag like Gary Payton.
by otis29 on Jun 11, 2009 8:55 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Good work furious
Rec’d.
Father of the "Natt this!" movement.
by Aykis16 on Jun 11, 2009 9:15 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Rec'd for sure
Great job on the research and it is very well-written. Like I said when I wrote my Eddie Jordan breakdown, we always need to look beyond a headline or a basic stat, and really look at the full story. I didn’t recall, or wasn’t aware, of these circumstances. Thank you for the time and effort.
Never forget: I am a complete idiot
by Exhibit G on Jun 11, 2009 9:21 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Wow
This is a great fanpost and the reason I love coming to STR. Excellent research and detail.
by kingsfan300 on Jun 11, 2009 9:23 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Great read Furious
Thanks for sharing it.
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 11, 2009 9:25 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Muy bien bro...
Excellent perspective, and I’m inclined to agree with anything that paints a rosey picture on PW - especially since he got hired. Let’s not sabotage a guy before his first day on the job, which should also include our 3 first rounders. I’ll instead save my wrath for Beno, K9 and the Lakers.
by WhentheKingswinyouwin! on Jun 11, 2009 11:23 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Rush to Judgement
As an aside, I appreciate the not-so-subtle dig at the human-porcine hybrid Limbaugh.
by My Losing Season on Jun 11, 2009 11:51 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Rush Limbaugh? Really man? Hopefully we won’t have to hear or see too much of him. (no offense to any conservative posters, nothing against you, just him.)
by boffacheerios on Jun 11, 2009 12:10 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
I'd rather not have to listen to or see and annoying talkshow hosts
regardless of whether they are right or left or Peaches. I’d be happy to put them all on an island and let them try to convert—or kill—each other.
"Shut up and Coach!"
Vfettke
by SavageBeast on Jun 11, 2009 12:48 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Wow
Do you also write for reality shows?
by furious.d on Jun 11, 2009 12:55 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
No he actually writes for a living
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 11, 2009 1:06 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Oh, right
I forgot, reality show writers are unpaid interns.
by furious.d on Jun 11, 2009 1:08 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
I'd knew you'd get the joke :)
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 11, 2009 2:23 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
He'll get along well with Spencer though
eh?
Ball movement ... is like jogging for most people: They do it occasionally, and it makes them happy. Then they go back to not doing it. - Henry Abbott
by Kfan in Korea on Jun 11, 2009 2:05 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Which make it even more ironic that Spencer loved GP growing up
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 11, 2009 2:19 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Excellent Read
Rec’d.
SACTOWN ROYALTY - Try our thick creamy shakes!
by section214 on Jun 11, 2009 1:41 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Why hasn't he interviewed since he lost his last job?
That’s the question I want answered. If he’s so good why hasn’t anyone even interviewed him since he was let go in Seattle? There must be a valid reason.
by AyyJude on Jun 11, 2009 2:09 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
It doesn't appear
That the guy has been out of work or anything. He filled a good portion of that gap with Pepperdine, the rest of it as an assistant coach and then in the front office with Dallas. Maybe he was looking for some different challenges…who knows?
And do we know for sure he hasn’t interviewed? I keep seeing many people state that as a “fact”, but is there any corroboration?
by otis29 on Jun 11, 2009 2:18 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
short-list for celts
I believe he was a finalist for the Celts job that went to Doc Rivers and might have interviewed with the T-Wolves in their post-Flip merry-go-round.
by longtimelistenerfirsttimecaller on Jun 11, 2009 2:37 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Your best post d, no doubt. Our opinion of Paul Westphal has to an extent been shaped by half truth and innuendo and in one all nighter
you give us actual research and the whole story. Like many others, your fleshing out of Westphal’s resume really is encouraging and when combined with the apparent rapport that he and Geoff Petrie are developing gives a reasons for hope for the coming season and the basketball future of our existing and soon to be drafted young players. Really well done (and since I learned how to do it today, recommended)
"We are in the business of kicking butt and business is very, very good." - Charles Barkley
by Bluejohn on Jun 11, 2009 3:28 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Rec'd
just for the trouble of going through the archives…
Said Van Gundy about the situation: "(Spanoulis) says, 'I was [Tracy] McGrady back home.' Great. McGrady is McGrady here," ..
by GreekKing on Jun 11, 2009 4:36 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Thats right!
I forgot that he coincided completely with Vin. Man, that guy was an absolute wreck and Westphal’s second best player no less.
Your detailed analysis reminds me about that Sonics team and how they would have been mediocre no matter the coach. Even Mussels might have failed there.
Special thanks for the Payton bias info…I had no recollection of that.
Rec’d f’sho
by CDinSD on Jun 11, 2009 7:13 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
wonderful article
I know that as Kings fan, right now, many of us are so hungry for excitment and good news we are like Jim Levenstein in American Pie 
These last few days, with the hiring of Paul Westphal have been full of promise, legitimite, logical promise. The choice makes sense on so many levels. The addition of some interesting assistant coaches are in the mix.
It is freakin’ June and the draft hasn’t even happened, nor free agency. The team is coming off of a franchise record dismal 17 win season. I am expecting, 27 wins at best.
Reading a post like this helps make those “tunnel lights” a little brighter and a little closer. Rec’d for positive vibe.
by betweentheeyes on Jun 11, 2009 9:00 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
Dude, what’s your problem? You show us the angle of Jim!
by bignerd on Jun 11, 2009 11:44 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Pornography on this is not allowed...
…unless it’s Megan Fox.
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 12, 2009 8:19 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Yeah
should have posted this:

Ball movement ... is like jogging for most people: They do it occasionally, and it makes them happy. Then they go back to not doing it. - Henry Abbott
by Kfan in Korea on Jun 13, 2009 12:57 AM PDT up reply actions 5 recs
How about the fact Shannon Elizabeth is hot?
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 13, 2009 10:28 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
So is my wife
But I don’t rec her (if you know what I mean) until I see the boobies either.
by otis29 on Jun 14, 2009 6:33 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
I don't have a good response
That won’t leave me with being shot in the back by you.
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 14, 2009 9:32 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
I think there's a "Rec'd her? I hardly know her." joke here
But I can’t quite figure it out.
by furious.d on Jun 14, 2009 3:53 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
23-27 wins should
… be just about right. Put the Kings in the 5 slot … so that 3 teams can jump us in the lottery – one of which will probably be the Suns unprotected pick going to OKC and the other OKC – and we wind up with the 8th pick.
by Mystic on Jun 12, 2009 9:30 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
blog to flog
wet noodles are in large supply and for Kings fan, great demand. I feel your pain.
by betweentheeyes on Jun 12, 2009 9:13 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Advice to Paul
Not sure what you get in the draft or off-season action but right now you probably go Udrih-Martin-Nocioni-Diogu-Thompson and if it works play it and 4 of them and a sub a ton. McCants and Hawes used as minute filling subs, to the extent you have to. But if you can get better role players anywhere, by all means do.
by StatRaven on Jun 12, 2009 10:54 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
This fan post auto rec'd
because furious.d is the world’s best employer. of cheese industries.
"I suddenly hate Canada with a passion = BASTARDS!!!!!! " -Mr K, Upon hearing Moyes filing Chapter 11
by joe579 on Jun 15, 2009 12:21 AM PDT reply actions 0 recs
What the Westphal hire tells us.
The Kings are not serious about building a winning program. I hope Westphal does well. But this is what the Kings are telling their fans, they are not willing to put money into the team. 1.5 mil a year for 2 years for a head coach in the NBA makes the team the laughing stock of the league. I think Rambis would’ve have to take a pay cut to take this job.
by Sactoskeptic on Jun 16, 2009 1:27 PM PDT reply actions 0 recs
I keep asking this question, but don't get a decent answer
Are you saying the Kings should have bumped the annual salary being offered to get Kurt Rambis, instead of hiring Westphal?
Westphal actually has a history of success as an NBA head coach. Rambis and Thibodeau certainly did not. An argument could be easily made that Westphal was the best choice available.
Given that, should the Kings have outbid themselves for the services of Paul Westphal? Or is there some other phenomenal candidate that the Kings should have busted the piggybank for?
If Westphal turns this thing around, you can bet the Kings will bump his annual down the road. But to outbid themselves just for the sake of removing the “laughingstock” tag sounds like bad business to me.
I guess I’m trying to understand if you are upset about the annual salary, or the actual coaching choice?
With the 4th pick in the 2009 NBA Draft, the Sacramento Kings select Rickeke Flynenningday, point guard from Europe, Memphis, Syracuse, UCLA and Parts Unknown.
by otis29 on Jun 16, 2009 1:41 PM PDT up reply actions 3 recs
With
SACTOWN ROYALTY - Try our thick creamy shakes!
by section214 on Jun 16, 2009 7:07 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Consider me with 214 & Otis
What a shock that is.
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 17, 2009 5:04 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
Consider me with Otis and Section too
but not with Pookey, never with Pookey.
Ball movement ... is like jogging for most people: They do it occasionally, and it makes them happy. Then they go back to not doing it. - Henry Abbott
by Kfan in Korea on Jun 17, 2009 7:03 AM PDT up reply actions 0 recs
And it shall remain that way
You stinky Pyongyang fuck.
Evil Cowtown Inc: Screwin' Suckaz over since Nineteen Eighty-Five.....
No mistakes in the tango, darling. Not like life. Simple. That's what makes the tango so great. If you make a mistake, and get all tangled up, you just tango on.....
by pookeyguru on Jun 17, 2009 5:44 PM PDT up reply actions 0 recs

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